Weaknesses of Public Morality

The essay that I attached titled english_prompt is only about 7 pages. I need someone to add to it so that it meets the 8 pages to meet the 8-page minimum requirement of the assignment. Please be sure to double-check that it addresses the essay prompt questions. Be sure to also add:

  • Four additional research sources, two of which must be scholarly

I need help with this research paper and it needs to have a lot of quotes from the text because my professor is big on incorporating more direct quotes that is the feedback that he gives me.

Please follow the instructions in the document I attached titled english_prompt :). I have attached all of the articles that I have used and have provided a link to the fourth article that I used

https://www.sid.ir/en/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=736558

Here is a link to the fifth article that I used:

https://qjpl.atu.ac.ir/article_9970.html?lang=en

Essay Prompt:

In Process Essay 3 you made an argument about a real world problem that was raised in a literary text.

For this essay, you need to revise Process Essay 3 in order to strengthen and refine your argument about why the problem is something that needs to be addressed and then propose a solution to the problem. The research that you complete for this essay should include different perspectives and ethical considerations on the issues related to solving the problem in order for you to demonstrate your well-reasoned position. This essay should answer the following questions:

What is the real world problem and why should the readers care about this problem? (Reworked from Process Essay 3)

What are different perspectives on how to address and solve the problem?

What are some of the important ethical considerations related to solving the problem?

How can we address ethical concerns about the problem?

What is the best possible solution to the problem? (This is the heart of your argument for this essay.)

To fulfill this assignment, you should take the previous essay (Process Essay 3) and revise it to its central points in 1 1/2-2 pages. Then in the remaining part of the paper, you should discuss the research about ways to solve the problem while making an argument about what you think is the best possible solution.Essay Requirements:

Essay Requirements:

A minimum of eight double-spaced pages

A total of eight texts

  • The four texts that you used in Process Essay 3
  • Four additional research sources, two of which must be scholarly

Student’s Name

Instructor

Course

Date

 Weaknesses of Public Morality

Introduction

            This research is centered on finding out the weaknesses of public morality. Public morality and religion are directly intertwined. Nathaniel Hawthorne raises various issues that affect individuals in contemporary society and issues that have been there for years. For instance, in the story “Young Goodman Brown,” he focused on problems such as inevitable loss of innocence, fear of the wilderness, and the weakness of public morality. Analyzing what happens in contemporary society, such as public morality’s weakness, reflects a loss of innocence. For instance, public morality has diminished in the current world due to technology, specifically with the rise of social media. Social media has posed an issue for individuals since it often urges them to question morality, religion, and other beliefs. Thus, this paper will focus on public morality’s weakness as portrayed by Nathaniel Hawthorne in “Young Goodman Brown.” This will be analyzed based on how public morality has affected people’s beliefs.

Nathaniel reveals how few individuals can corrupt public morality in society; sometimes, Brown decided to go into the forest to meet with the devil. Goodman states, “He had taken a dreary road, darkened by all the gloomiest trees of the forest…” (Hawthorne 869). To his surprise, he realizes that people close to him were in league with the devil, including his father, the Minister, Deacon Gookin, and Faith. When he decides to go into the forest, he still hides when he sees people like Goody Cloyse. “What God doth the wizard pray to?” (Hawthorne 876). This indicates his fear of public opinion about his morality. He held onto the fact that most people in the society were religious and did believe in religious faith in which they were considered puritans.

Goodman Brown was weak in his morality, which affirms the concept of “morality and religion as a dependent of God” (McKay and Whitehouse 447). That is why he found it difficult to believe others; for instance, his religious faith was based on society’s notion of puritanism. The problem was that he did not realize that people closest to him were in league with the devil. Faith was living with belief in the devil. His problem is that he was concerned about how the faith in the people around him appears, forgetting that deciding to meet the devil was a sign of weakness. He believed that people around him were religious because of his religious convictions; thus, his faith depended on other people’s views. This conveys that such beliefs can easily be weakened.

In most cases, individuals tend to be people-pleasers; hence their faith is rooted in the idea of what other people think of them. This is a problem, as it leads to individuals believing other people’s views and disregarding one’s own. This is an issue that individuals should address for self-development and how they relate with others. When such beliefs about others turn out to not be what one expected, one tends to lose trust, faith, and others’ loyalty. Corruption creates drifts among people in society. For instance, Goodman Brown did not trust Faith after realizing that she was in league with the devil. He asserted that because Faith has turned to evil. “There is no good on earth, and sin is but a name. Come, devil! For to thee is this world given” (Hawthorne 873). He sees everyone as evil; he snatches the girl from Goody Cloyse because he believed he was evil.

These actions show how his trust in the people around him has diminished. The current world is based on information sharing, the primary purpose of social media. Thus if everyone believed in society’s corruptibility or individuals, then their relationships will be impelled towards individualism. Goodman Brown’s experience changed him. He did not know great Faith after seeing her in his house; this indicates a rift between them. The experience changed him and hence caused him not to trust anyone in society. In the story, readers learn that he lived his life in gloom and fear because he did not trust the authority, the church minister, and realized that he does not fully love his wife.

Sometimes it is imperative to live a private life and see the good in people instead of judging them based on a particular set of convictions. For instance, if individuals judge people based on their religious conflict, then everyone who does not go to church will be a sinner. This will lead to people not trusting their leaders and adversely impact their family relationships. Public morality is vital in restricting individuals’ human rights concepts since people have the right to freedom and even religion (McKay and Whitehouse 446). This is one of the building blocks of having good relationships with others; accepting that people are different and have the right to choose their religion or beliefs helps people interact with them and build relationships acknowledging their side of a conversation or belief.

(Vijeh and Pouya 12) present conflicts between individual rights and public morality. Individual rights exist in various dimensions in society, ranging from religious beliefs to sexual cases. For instance, the article attributes that the European court considers issues that can restrict individual rights and impose ethical constraints. The court has ensured that some conflicts are avoided; hence it has adopted various sexual morality and personal conflicts. In this case, public morality outweighs individual rights, while in some others, individual rights prevail. Socrates states in the Euthyphro, “In the Euthyphro, Socrates famously asked whether the gods love goodness because it is good” (Plato 11). From these two works, readers understand that public morality’s weaknesses can occur at any time. However, the way individuals interpret them depends on their effects on people. If Goodman Brown had understood this, he would have had a good relationship with his and other religious leaders in his village. In his study, he seeks to find out how people lose the faith they are affiliated with due to the urge to copy what fellow neighbors believe in.

The issue of the weakness of public morality affects everyone in society. Nathaniel Hawthorne argues that basing society on moral principles and religious faith is dangerous to society since people do not arrive at their own ethical decisions. Therefore, having a particular set of rules or approaches that allows individuals to exercise their rights can play a significant role in society (Vijeh and Pouya 12). This can help society not just copy beliefs of a particular group, say, Christianity, and define or expect people to behave in the same manner. Such faith of belief is considered weak and rooted. Therefore it is easy to cause chaos in society.

In the book, Nathaniel focuses on religious freedom and morals. Goodman Brown does not have religious freedom, and neither do the people in the village. He did not know that Faith and other people were in league with the devil. And when he realized this, he became a captive of himself and his beliefs about religion. In this context, he regarded everyone who did not have the same faith as evil. His moral freedom compass was based on religion. (Domingo 226) argues that the same legal paradigm cannot protect religious “freedom as moral freedom.” Thus, they are different and using the two to justify or categorize people’s beliefs, and behaviors are dangerous to society, as portrayed by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Religion should be separated from moral freedom since religious freedom does not entail or incorporate general freedom but is based only on freedom of conscience (Domingo 226). “Religious freedom and moral freedom are different ontological realities and therefore require different treatments under the law” (Domingo 228). This leads to ethical issues among individuals and society at large. Ethical issues such as selective truth-telling seem to prevail.

Other ethical issues include intentional lying and deceptive practices. Most people, including church ministers and leaders, intentionally lied about their religious beliefs in the story. For instance, Deacon Gookin, Goody Cloyse, and Faith deliberately lied to Goodman about their religious beliefs (Hawthorne 876). Discrimination was also an ethical issue that can occur due to public morality in society. When people have different views or beliefs, segregation occurs, and this drift may be considered discrimination. Sometimes it can be self-discrimination or segregation from others. Goodman segregated himself from community members because he believed they could not be trusted and was not loyal to his religious beliefs. Thus he ended up living his life in gloom and fear.

Goodman Brown did not know that Faith was in league with the devil, probably because of selective truth-telling. Perhaps she understood Goodman’s Faith, beliefs, and moral principles and therefore chose not to let him know that she collaborated with the devil. Faith probably discriminated against him because she could not tell him about her dealing with the devil.

Public morality is one of the main aspects that define human rights and freedoms. It builds on how people interact with others and present the dangers based on one-sided belief. Religion has been used in many countries to set moral and ethical values.” Seperation between church and state” implies seperation between religion and politics, according to Cuomo and Mario. However, on the extreme side, it has affected individuals due to differences in beliefs (McKay and Whitehouse 447).  A section of conservatives believed that a decline in morals resulted from an increase in secular-related activities.

Conclusion

Therefore, it is prudent that people understand and acknowledge these differences to avoid conflict between individual rights and public morality. Morality can be defined on a public scale. However, it should be more of a freedom of consciousness where individuals can engage in practices based on their conscience, provided these practices are not hurting others. Understanding individual differences can lead to a peaceful, coexistence, and good relationship among society. This also minimizes unethical issues in the community, such as deceptive practices and selective truth-telling. Public morality enhancement is achieved through law enforcement and taking personal responsibility for thinking critically before doing something.

Work Cited

Domingo, R. “A Right to Religious and Moral Freedom?” International Journal of             Constitutional , vol. 12, no. 1, 2014, pp. 226-247, doi:10.1093/icon/mou001.

Hawthorne, Nathaniel. Young Goodman Brown pp. 868-877

McKay, R. and H. Whitehouse. “Religion and Morality.” Psychol Bull, vol. 141, no. 2,      2015, pp. 447-473, doi:10.1037/a0038455. Plato, C. Euthyphro. Kessinger        Publishing, 2004.

Vijeh, Mohammad Reza and Rezvan Pouya. “Conflicts between Individual Rights and     Public Morality in the European Court of Human Rights Case .” Public

Morality in the European Court of Human Rights Case .” Public Research, vol.   20, no. 62, 2019, pp. 9-37, doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.22054/qjpl.2018.27503.1688.

English Composition II

Process Essay 4

ENGL 112-54V

Due Dates:

Rough Draft: 4-21-21

Final Draft: 5-5-21

Readings:

  • The four texts that you used in Process Essay 3 (the one literary text and the three outside sources)
  • Four additional research sources, with a minimum of two more scholarly sources (in addition to the two scholarly sources already used in out of class essay #3)

Essay Prompt:

In Process Essay 3 you made an argument about a real world problem that was raised in a literary text.

For this essay, you need to revise Process Essay 3 in order to strengthen and refine your argument about why the problem is something that needs to be addressed and then propose a solution to the problem. The research that you complete for this essay should include different perspectives and ethical considerations on the issues related to solving the problem in order for you to demonstrate your well-reasoned position. This essay should answer the following questions:

  • What is the real world problem and why should the readers care about this problem? (Reworked from Process Essay 3)
  • What are different perspectives on how to address and solve the problem?
  • What are some of the important ethical considerations related to solving the problem?
  • How can we address ethical concerns about the problem?
  • What is the best possible solution to the problem? (This is the heart of your argument for this essay.)

To fulfill this assignment, you should take the previous essay (Process Essay 3) and revise it to its central points in 1 1/2-2 pages. Then in the remaining part of the paper, you should discuss the research about ways to solve the problem while making an argument about what you think is the best possible solution.

In order to help you with this process, you will complete a couple of research steps for feedback.

Essay Requirements:

  • A minimum of eight double-spaced pages
  • A total of eight texts
    • The four texts that you used in Process Essay 3
    • Four additional research sources, two of which must be scholarly

Criteria for a successful essay include:

  • A title that captures the essence of your essay
  • Well-developed introduction
  • Clear thesis statement in the introduction
  • Well-developed support for your argument (weave in quotes and analyze them)
  • Logical organization with topic sentences and transitions
  • Conclusion that adds a final thought
  • Few sentence-level errors (grammar, spelling)
  • MLA citation

Essay Submission:

  • Submit your essay as an attachment. Use the following format for naming your file:
    • Last name_PE4.doc (or .docx, .odt, .rtf, .pdf)
    • Example Jones_PE4.doc

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