How to be Successful on Your Final Papers in the PBHE 427 Course
1. Follow the directions that I have provided for this final paper. The directions are found in multiple locations of
the course, including in the week 7 lessons, assignment area under final paper, and in my announcements
area.
2. Use the required headings and sub-headings that are found in the assignment directions. You are only using
levels 1 and 2 in the Epi paper. In case you are not good at which headings are which, here are the APA
levels of headings:
APA Headings
Level Format
1 Centered, Boldface, Uppercase and Lowercase Headings
2 Left-aligned, Boldface, Uppercase and Lowercase Heading
3 Indented, boldface, lowercase heading with a period.
4 Indented, boldface, italicized, lowercase heading with a period.
5 Indented, italicized, lowercase heading with a period.
3. If you are not solid in writing using APA format for research papers, please consult with the APA Manual and
if you do not have your own APA manual, the best online resource is from Purdue University’s writing center.
They will not answer questions from you because you are not a student at Purdue, but their website is
comprehensive. Here is the link to their APA resources.
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/general_format.h
tml
4. You must have a cover page for your Epi final paper. This is page 1 of your paper but the page number
does not show up on the document.
5. There is no abstract in an Epi investigation paper. If you ever write an abstract, there are no references
used in an abstract.
6. The research paper starts at the top of the 2nd page.
7. Make sure that your paper flows immediately from the end of a section’s last paragraph to the next heading.
There should be no white blank spacing that looks like this:
prevention and early diagnosis.
Public Health
Interventions Commented [LD1]: this is considered white blank spacing.
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/general_format.html
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/general_format.html
8. Make sure to set your margins are 1 inch on all 4 sides and set your line spacing at double spacing.
9. APA does not allow hyphenated words at the end of a line. Do not hyphenate any words that are at the end
of a line and then spread to the next line.
10. The reference page must start at the top of its own new page. Your references cannot be older than 10
years. When quoting statistics in your paper, you must use statistics that are current. Pursue the statistics of
2019 (2020 has just started and there will not be any complete 2020 data yet). At least 75% of the references
must be within the last 5 years, and the remaining 25% of the references can be from 6-10 years old.
References without a year (n.d.) cannot be used in an Epidemiology paper.
75% of your references must be from peer reviewed research papers and only 25% of the references
can be from websites.
If you use websites, they must only be from the CDC, NIH, WHO, and a professional organization that
focuses on the disease or infection (e.g. Lymedisease.org, American Heart Association, etc.).
Go through the body of your paper and make sure that the references you used in the body are found in the
reference list!!!!!! Delete any references in the list that are not used in the body of the paper.
11. Your final paper must be written in third person which is APA format.
12. Do not write a transitional sentence at the end of every section that says you are now moving on to such
and such. This is not APA format for a research paper.
13. If you are not solid in your understanding of APA format for references, please use the Purdue website. It
will show you exactly how to format your references in APA format. Here is the link:
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/reference_list_au
thor_authors.html
14. The final paper directions mention including a data table or data graph that you used to summarize the
current statistics on your communicable disease topic. A data graph or data table has only numbers. A table or
graph is not a picture (i.e. of a microscope picture of something) or a drawing (i.e. of a map of a country and
where a disease is found). If you do not use a table or a graph for the data you are summarizing in your
paper’s statistics section, then do not include any inserts. This is okay! ☺
15. Check the spelling of your CDC and NIH references both within the paragraphs and in the reference list.
The correct spellings are Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (not Center) and the National Institutes
for Health (not Institute).
16. SPELL CHECK the entire paper!
17. GRAMMAR CHECK the entire paper!
18. Check your paper for plagiarism and make the appropriate changes to avoid plagiarism.
19. APUS has a writing center and the writing experts can review your papers, provide recommendations for
changes, and help you improve them. Whether you are an excellent writer or if writing is not your academic
strength, please use the APUS writing center for help with your writing. The writing center turns papers around
in 2-4 days, so please plan accordingly and send your paper to them well in advance of the due dates for my
course. Due dates are not extended because of a paper not yet being back from the writing center.
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