A PROJECT REPORT
ON
(Reserve your table: A mobile application for reservations in a restaurant)
By

Guided by
)Ms. Aparna Agarwal)

A Project report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of
Bachelor’s in database management system

MIDDLE EAST COLLEGE
Knowledge Oasis Muscat, Muscat, Oman

January, 2021

A PROJECT REPORT
ON
(Reserve your table: A mobile application for reservations in a restaurant)
By

 

 

 

 

January, 2021
DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the work presented herein is genuine and has not been copied in part or in whole from any other source except where duly acknowledged. As such, all use of previously published work (from books, journals, magazines, internet, etc.) Has been acknowledged within the main report to an item in the references or bibliography lists.

Copyright Acknowledgement
I acknowledge that the copyright of this project and report belongs to MEC.
Student ID Student Name Signature

 

 

APPROVAL FORM

The project report entitled (Reserve your table: A mobile application for reservations in a restaurant) Submitted by is approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Bachelor’s degree in DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.

____________________
Supervisor
Ms. Aparna Agarwal
Computing Department
Date:

_____________________
Examiner
Full name
Department
Date:

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, and I thank god for health and I would like to express my sincere thanks to teacher Aparna Agarwal for helping me and her constant encouragement to me. By adding, I would like to thank teacher Raza Hasan for his support and to provide some notes that are useful to me in the project. I thank all my teachers who helped me in all activities.
A special thanks to my family for their support and assistance to me, and I also thank my friend Aaisha al-Senani in the database management system for my assistance and continuous support in difficult times.
In the final, I extend my sincere thanks and respect to the faculty at Middle East College for my arrival to the graduation stage.

 

 

 

 

ABSTRACT

This project focuses on creating an application for reservation in restaurants to make it easier for customers to book and communicate with the restaurant with ease, and this application is suitable for the current era and serves both parties badly for the customer, the restaurant and the employees, And this application that I will design contains a small number of restaurants at the present time so that I can add many restaurants.
This application contains the services that the customer needs, such as booking a restaurant and a table, and it contains a map feature that determines the location of the restaurant and can reserve a parking for his own car and others. As this application contains a new feature that the customer can reserve a parking lot for his own car through the application. The main goal of this application is to make it easier for customers to book a restaurant and reduce the time they need to book.

 

 

 

Table of Contents
DECLARATION i
APPROVAL FORM i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii
ABSTRACT iii
Table of Contents iv
List of table vi
List of figure vii
Chapter1 1
1.1Introduction 1
1.1.1 Project background 1
1.2Problem Statement 2
1.2.1Problem Definition 2
1.2.2Discussing the consequences of the problem 2
1.2.3Solution Problem 3
1.2.4Justifying the project 3
1.2.5Referring to established knowledge 4
1.3Scope 4
1.3.1Mentioning the impact of the project on people 4
1.3.2Mentioning the duration 4
1.3.3Stating the cost 5
1.3.4Mentioning the software used 5
1.3.5Describing the features of the application 5
1.4Stakeholders 6
1.4.1Defining terms 6
1.4.2Tabulating the list of stakeholders 6
1.5Interfaces 6
1.6Aim of Project 7
1.7Objective of Project 7
1.8Contribution 7
Chapter 2 9
2.1 Introduction 9
2.1.1Providing background 9
2.1.2Outlining the structure of the chapter 9
2.2 Similar work 9
2. 2.1 Describing similar applications 9
2.3 Reviewing literature 15
2. 3.1 reviewing literature: 15
2.4 Feasibility study 23
2.4.1 Explaining feasibility analysis 23
2.4.2 SOWT Analysis 23
2.4.3 Describing each type of feasibility analysis 24
Chapter 3 28
3.1 Introduction 28
3. 1.1 restating the aim of the project 28
3.1.2 Stating the structure of this chapter 28
3.2 SWOT Analysis for Methodology 28
3.2.1 Analyzing each methodology 28
3.3 Justifying methodology 30
3.3.1 Comparing the methodologies using parameters in tabular form: 30
3.3.2 Justifying selected methodology: 31
3.4 Application methodology 31
3.4.1 Describing the stages of the selected methodology 31
3.5 Project Planning 32
3.5.1 Introducing project planning: 32
3.5.2 Explaining each aspect of project planning: 32
3.5.3 Including diagrams/figures/tables and flowcharts 35
3.6 Data collection and analysis 41
3.6.1 Describing data collection methods 41
3.7 Requirements 46
3.7.1 Describing the various requirements to develop the system Tabulating information…………………….. 46
3.8 Illustrations 49
3.8.1 Providing diagrams/tables to illustrate the design 49
3.8.2 Providing screenshots of initial prototypes 56
Reference: 57

List of table
Table 1:Stakeholder 6
Table 2:SWOT 24
Table 3Software Cost 26
Table 4 Hardware Cost 26
Table 5:SWOT Analysis for Methodology 30
Table 6:Comparing the methodologies 30
Table 7:Acceptance plan 33
Table 8: Resource plan 34
Table 9:Communication plan 35
Table 10:Risk management plan 40
Table 11:External interface requirements 46
Table 12:Use case specification 50

List of figure
Figure 1:RoundMenu app 10
Figure 2:My Table app 11
Figure 3:Reserveout restaurant app 12
Figure 4:Talabat app 13
Figure 5:Eat app 14
Figure 6:Java 16
Figure 7:Android studio 17
Figure 8:Firebase 18
Figure 9:SWOT 24
Figure 10:DSDM 31
Figure 11:WBS1 35
Figure 12:WBS2 36
Figure 13:WBS3 36
Figure 14:Gantt chart1 37
Figure 15:Gantt chart2 37
Figure 16:Gantt chart3 37
Figure 17: Gantt chart4 38
Figure 18:Gantt chart5 38
Figure 19:Q1 42
Figure 20:Q2 42
Figure 21:Q3 43
Figure 22:Q4 43
Figure 23:Q5 44
Figure 24:Q6 44
Figure 25:Q7 45
Figure 26:Q8 45
Figure 27:Use case diagram 49
Figure 28:Class diagram 50
Figure 29:Sequence diagram 51
Figure 30:System flowcharts 52
Figure 31:Entity Relationship Diagram 52
Figure 32:Context Diagram 53
Figure 33:Level 0 54
Figure 34:Level 1 55
Figure 35:Screen prototype 56
Figure 36:Screen prototype 56

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chapter1
1.1Introduction
1.1.1 Project background
Food is considered one of the main needs of humans in normal life and it is necessary to eat food daily, so that people need to change their daily routine and change their psyche, so they resort to different restaurants to eat various foods and meals and the reason that helps them go to restaurants is the availability, multiplicity and diversity of their services, which makes them go to restaurants constantly. And through this application, which is the reservation application in the restaurant, it will help them and facilitate them and reduce the time they spend going to the restaurant So that it is easy for them to choose and order food and reserve their place, whether on view or without a view, reserve a parking lot for their own car and the method of payment (cash, bank card) and know the number of people who receive them in the restaurant because of the presence of the Covid 19 virus there will be specific numbers of people who receive them in restaurants to avoid crowding. In the event that the customer wants to order through the application, there is a box in the form of a cart that he can choose food and drinks and then take the orders and be delivered to him and the location of the restaurant is determined for easy access to the site one of the benefits of this application is that it helps customers and restaurant workers reduce time and effort, and from the customers’ side, it works to reduce the time they need in choosing the restaurant, eating and table, and choosing them as a parking lot for their car and others, either on the side of the restaurant makes it provide its services quickly and organized, which makes the restaurant get a high reputation by the customer and the high demand for it and the high material return.

1.2Problem Statement
1.2.1Problem Definition
Due to the high demand for restaurants during this period and the need for people to change their daily routine, they face many problems with the manual reservation method. Therefore, the customer faces many problems, including:
• Not knowing the location of the restaurant.
• Delay in obtaining the request.
• Delay in choosing the food due to the menu not being arranged.
• Delay in getting the place or table they want to sit at, whether it is on a view or without a view.
• Delay and difficulty obtaining parking for their own car.
• The lack of organization and arrangement in providing the services of the restaurant well.
• Delay in the payment method.
• Great pressure on workers.
• Speaking in a way that is inappropriate to the customer due to pressure in the restaurant.
• Not providing their services in an adequate manner.
• The easy spread of viruses “Covid-19 virus” due to overcrowding.
1.2.2Discussing the consequences of the problem
• There is no order in the menu and a delay in serving it, which leads to wasted customer time.
• They need a lot of time to get parking for their cars, which makes them look for other restaurants.
• The presence of large crowds in restaurants, which increases the possibility of them, contracting the global virus Covid-19.
• Speaking in an inappropriate way to customers, which causes them to refuse to reserve the restaurant.
• Not providing their services properly, so restaurants will get a bad response. In addition, the lack of participation and harm to them and the low financial return to them.
• There is no payment system which makes them waste a lot of time paying.
1.2.3Solution Problem
This project will save the restaurant from massive congestion inside the restaurant and reduce the time and effort they need and make them work in a regular and fast manner. On the customer side, it will reduce the time he needs to go to the restaurant, know the location and payment method, and he can reserve a parking lot for his car and they can reserve food and the place, whether it is on the a view or without it, also can reserve a parking lot for their own car and know the number of people and whether the restaurant receives in the presence of the Covid 19 virus because there will be a reduction in the number of individuals inside the restaurant in order to avoid crowding, and this application makes it easier for them to pay and get all their requirements in the restaurant and know the location of the restaurant to facilitate their access in the fastest time also among its benefits is to reduce the time spent and make the restaurant provide all its services in a good way to satisfy the customer and the high demand for him.
1.2.4Justifying the project
Many people search for applications to help them the way to reserve a restaurant to facilitate the way they book the restaurant they want to reserve without the need to go to the restaurant, so this application will help people and facilitate the method of reservation and reduce the time they need to go to the restaurant site. Only by phone can they access the application as it helps them in the process of reserving the restaurant, and how to reserve parking for their cars and how to reserve the table they want to sit at. In order to avoid crowding and harassment of the customer for the large number of them in the restaurant, because there will be certain numbers of people present in the restaurant due to the corona virus also, there are some for the precautionary measures that the customer must follow in order to enter the restaurant (mask, gloves, etc.), through the application, they will know the method of payment, whether it is in cash or with a bank card, and this application contains the location of the restaurant that they want to come to so that it helps them in reaching the restaurant quickly without consulting anyone, there is a delivery service in case they cannot go to the restaurant. Therefore, this application will be designed and created in a simple and regular way to help people who want us to visit restaurants to easily enter the application and not face any difficulty.
1.2.5Referring to established knowledge
I will use many sources for this project, as there are primary and secondary sources. The main sources for this project are the articles for the reservation system in restaurants and the mechanism of restaurant work, article RESTAURANT RESERVATION SYSTEM USING ELECTRONIC CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT(Nik Marsyahariani Nik Daud 2019)Where the reservation system in restaurants via the Internet helps to grow restaurant services and provide the request in a more accurate and fast way. while the secondary sources are the Internet, YouTube, books and other sites.
For example, the same application is talabat and my table.
1.3Scope
1.3.1Mentioning the impact of the project on people
This project affects several categories of people, namely:
 Customer:
This app will affect customer as it reduces the time they need to go to the restaurant and makes it easier for them to choose foods and drinks, and it can help them reserve0 a parking lot for their cars and know the method of payment.
 The restaurant:
The application will affect the restaurant in terms of making it provide all its services in an orderly, orderly, orderly, fast and high quality, which increases its demand and thus leads to an increase in its revenues.
 Employees:
The application affect employees by facilitating their work method due to prior request and making them serve food appropriately and in the fastest time.

1.3.2Mentioning the duration
I will start implementing this application in two semesters, in the spring semester I will plan this application 10/28/2020 and this application will be created in the fall semester of 2021.

1.3.3Stating the cost
The cost of creating this application is about 1000 Omani riyals in designing this application, as it includes the hardware and software that I will use in creating the application and educational courses.

1.3.4Mentioning the software used
Some of the programs that I will use in implementing this application are:
Hardware:
• Firebase.
• Word, PowerPoint.
• Microsoft Project.
• Java.
• Android Studio.
• UML
Software:
• Computer hp.
• Internet (WIFI).
• Flash.
• Windows.
• CDs.
• Printer
• Hard disk

1.3.5Describing the features of the application
• Ease of reserving in the restaurant they want to reserve without going to the restaurant.
• He needs more time to reserve a parking lot for his car, but through the application, he can reserve a parking lot for his car.
• Ease of using the application so that it does not need an expert in how to use the application, so the customer can use the application simply.
• The customer can reserve food and the table through our application so that it reduces the time it takes to get the table and the required food.
• Our application contains a map so that the customer can reach the restaurant quickly without consulting anyone else.
1.4Stakeholders
1.4.1Defining terms
Stakeholder: is a person or organization participating in a project and has a clear and effective role, and has an interest in the partnership.
Where the stakeholders are divided into two parts, namely:
o Internal: They are the people within the project where they represent a part of it.
o External: They are the people who affect business activities and are not part of the project.

1.4.2Tabulating the list of stakeholders
Stakeholder Type Impact
External Customer Able to obtain food products and services provided by the restaurant so that the services provided are of high quality to satisfy a customer
Employees The customer must pay attention to the work so that he does his work in a fast and regular manner in providing what the customer needs, entering the restaurant to get the salary.
Internal Application owner The owner of the application must take the right decisions that help him to provide all restaurant services in an organized and high-quality way to satisfy the customer.
Restaurant The restaurant must know the customer’s needs and provide them to increase the demand for him and know the reason for the application’s work in order for the customer to benefit from it and the restaurant will increase his financial return
Table 1:Stakeholder

1.5Interfaces
This application can be used through Google Chrome and the Internet, where users or the customer can use the application from any interface, as this application supports Android and system, and this application can be run in mobile phones and laptops, and the customer or users can use this application through his personal devices.
1.6Aim of Project
The main goal of this project is to create an application by phone that helps people with the method of reservation in a restaurant and how to reserve the place so that it is easier for them and reduces the time they spend going to the restaurant and book them in a manual way and this application preserves all the data and customer information that they record in the application through a database data, therefore, helps the restaurant to provide its services in a fast and orderly manner.
1.7Objective of Project
The goal of the project is to create a reservation application in a restaurant through which they can reserve the restaurant they want and the result that will result from the work of this application:
• Reduce the time they spend on booking Facilitate the way for the customer to obtain parking for their own cars.
• The application will provide a way to reserve the place or table, whether with or without views.
• It will make it easier for a customer to know the number of people in the restaurant and whether they will be received or not due to the Corona virus, there will be a certain number to avoid crowding.
• The application provides the payment method (cash, bankcard) and the location of the restaurant.

1.8Contribution
This application helps customers so that they can reserve the restaurant they want, choose and pay for their meal through this application and make it easy for them to receive the meal without waiting, and the presence of a menu arranged according to the categories (main, sub-categories) that facilitate and speed up their selection so that they can quickly find the application they are looking for. In addition, they can get parking lots, which is the important feature that distinguishes this application and attracts customers to restaurants. As for the restaurant and its workers, this application is the basis for the success of any restaurant, which helps them, facilitates them and shortens the time they need in preparing the pre-requisite meal so that it makes them work in an organized and fast manner, which increases the demand for it and thus increases the financial return of the restaurant and makes it more efficient and gives it a competitive advantage.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chapter 2
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1Providing background
The reservation system in restaurants is an integral part of the restaurant systems, and it is one of the basic things for any restaurant, as in the recent period, people have become associated with using the Internet and by selecting a mobile phone as communication technology helps in removing the difficulty and contributes to rapid communication between the customer and the staff in the restaurant, As this system contributes to saving time, developing the customer database and the customer’s sense of comfort, and it also helps to increase the interaction between you and your customers and take feedback and comment to improve and develop services and having this app on the phone speeds up the payment method, reduces time, and gets rid of the transportation congestion and crowding in the restaurant. As the reservation in restaurants is one of the difficult things facing the customer first, how to use the application, the method of reservation and knowing the location of the restaurant, so it needs a lot of time to go to the restaurant and delay in obtaining the services provided by the restaurant In addition, most people may not want Internet service, which makes them go to the restaurant and book manually, which requires a lot of time and provides services in a slow and irregular manner. The existing literary references provide the benefits of developing an online restaurant reservation system. With the advent of the Internet and applications, whether it was on (phones or computers), a person was able to redeem all their work and transactions without any effort or fatigue, and that businesses are the beneficiaries of the emergence of the Internet so that some businesses have moved away from the Internet.
2.1.2Outlining the structure of the chapter
This project contains feasibility that helps develop and analyze a restaurant reservation system, review literature, and a set of works similar to my application.
2.2 Similar work
2. 2.1 Describing similar applications
There are systems that are similar to my own application, but there are some differences in their characteristics, as each application has its own advantages and characteristics.
• RoundMenu app to book the most luxurious restaurants in the Middle East

Figure 1:RoundMenu app
Hannah-Farah Abdulla,( 2012)It is an application that provides a service that helps you find reservations in restaurants in many Arab countries and cities, and it is an application that you can download on mobile phones for two systems, the iOS operating system and the Android operating system And the most important feature of it is that it gives you the opportunity to take advantage of promotional offers and get a lot of discounts when booking, as the application provides you with an interface that offers you the lists of the best places in the Arab countries that you select and choose in order to book and eat food or receive food Therefore, this application is designed with the aim of the users’ need on the go and offers many options and opportunities for users by providing many promotions for famous restaurants Also, this application aims to make the reservation process in the restaurant as easy as it is and the most important focus of the Round menu application is to be interested in providing the right place to eat in many restaurants available to users or customers This application contains more than 20 thousand stabbers in the Middle East. To confirm the reservation, a balance must be added to their account via credit card, or they can pay a small fee through a short message, and when you book, you will get savings offers on meals Through the application, it will send a text message, which makes you do not need discount coupons or annoying papers. Just show the message code in the restaurant, you will get a discount.
In addition, there is a difference between RoundMane application and my application, as the RoundManu application is an application that contains a lot of restaurants and it is for all countries, while the application of Q contains a small amount of restaurants and only in the Sultanate of Oman.
• My Table Restaurant Reservations App:
Ahmad Mukhtar, Danish Sattar, Muhammad Arslan Akbar (2019), talks about Book my table, which is a system for managing reservations in restaurants that can reserve the table for people and provide the customer with a schematic drawing of the restaurant, and the customer can reserve the table according to his desire and the My Table app is an ideal environment for a gathering of restaurants, visitors and those looking for a sophisticated place to eat, as this application provides a mutual leader for all restaurants and visitors. The most important thing that the restaurant provides is the possibility of organizing and managing the reception department through which you can make large numbers of tables available to customers It also gives visitors an opportunity to choose and compare between many restaurants easily in addition to that visitors can prepare and organize the place with the appropriate atmosphere for their celebrations with their friends through the application through the details provided by the restaurant when booking Through the application, you can easily search for the restaurant you want to book, book at and reserve the table you want to get in a short time. As this application helps you to classify the restaurant list easily, provides you with information, and updates about restaurants as soon as you start using the application and it answers all inquiries. This application has a highly efficient system so that the information on the application is updated in real time only once the application supports these procedures, updates them and sends an immediate notification In this application there is a support team where the visitor is supported with what he needs in the reservation process and is followed up during and after the reservation to ensure the functioning of the restaurant.

As there is a difference between my application and mu table application, my own application has a feature that you can reserve a parking lot for your car while my table application does not have this feature.
• Reserveout restaurant reservations simplified:

Figure 3:Reserveout restaurant app
Khalil Shadid,(2009) Is a platform available for use at all times and is available on phones that run on Android and ios systems. Through this application you can search, access and book in all restaurants located in Amman, Jeddah, UAE, Beirut, Doha and Manama where you can make your reservations and you In your home or work without going to the restaurant to avoid crowding and exposure to embarrassing situations in case you do not get a table in the restaurant. This site will introduce you to discovering restaurants that you do not know before and to reserve your table that you want only with simple steps in the case of using a smartphone.Reserveout is a great tool for restaurant owners because they will be able to manage your holdings and develop and improve their business. It provides an online portal for customers to set tables, manage customer relationship (crm) and a set of online advertising. The portal is one of the most important means that helps you provide the best customer experience, through which you can advertise your business and attract users, and thus any acquisition of many customers leads to an increase in profit. In addition, through this site, you win many customers who arrive at the restaurant through the site and customers get all the services that the restaurant provides. And that the use of this site is very easy only through the link and cleans you an interface and through this interface you choose the country that you want to reserve the restaurant table, as the site has a group of restaurants on the home page and the site provides you with identifying the cities available in it and they can easily and quickly book tables in many From the restaurant, they number 350 restaurants.
There is a difference between Reserveout and my app, as the Reserveout app is present in many cities and has a lot of restaurants, and for my app, it is only available in the Sultanate of Oman and has limited restaurants.
• Talabat application:

Figure 4:Talabat app
Where explained Fadi Safieddin and Imad Nakhoul,(2018),Talabat is the most successful application for e-business models in the GCC countries that support small and medium enterprises and Talabat was established in 2004 by a group of businessmen whose goal was to develop in the field of online food ordering. The company’s headquarters are in the State of Kuwait and it operates in a group of countries: Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, the Emirates, Oman, Bahrain, Qatar and Jordan. Where Talabat is an online food ordering site that provides customers with opportunities to search for restaurants near their area, and through this application they can browse food menus to order food and provide payment options, whether online payment or cash on receipt of the order And that all services are available on computers, iOS, Android and iPad mobile applications. The Talabat application helps customers by facilitating them to communicate with restaurants for their request this application aims to become a leading company in the Middle East region and remain the best through the diversity and provision and provision of new services and one of the advantages of this application is the ease in searching for favorite foods. Of some misunderstanding problems that arise when ordering by phone and you can see the latest offers, restaurants and discounts It provides images and describes the components of the dishes and there is a feature to evaluate the order and give your opinion about it and that it is an application available 24 hours also there is a quick order service without registering a username or creating an account and can get all the restaurant offers and discounts and can be downloaded on all systems and free of charge.
There is a difference between the Talabat app and the app, as the Talabat app is only for ordering food while my own app through which you can book the restaurant and food.
• Eat App:

Figure 5:Eat app
It is the restaurant reservation application designed by the Bahraini startup company. It was established in 2014 to organize the reservation process for tables in restaurants so that it provides assistance to all restaurant owners and customers to make things go easily and simply where there are two copies in the application The first application is dedicated to restaurants, and it works on organizing the electronic table reservations process and works to alleviate the problem of absenteeism from reservations, through which a database is built and attracts many customers. As for the second application, it is dedicated to customers that helps to discover nearby restaurants and find information about each restaurant and prices. And the quality of the food And they can see pictures of the restaurant and they can, through the application, reserve tables, and the reservation is confirmed electronically and simply, and through the eat application, you can book at the last moment or pre-order a meal and provide a list that contains the best restaurants near your area to reduce the time and it is free And easy to use, you can download the application on iPhone, iPad and private phones without any difficulty and that this application is available in Bahrain and the UAE and its features you can manage reservations at any time in the event of cancellation or amendment of requests and provides some instructions to reach the restaurant and contains a map that helps you determine the location The restaurant. Nezar Kadhem, David Feuillard (2015),where he said the “Eat Restaurant app offers a reservation system that replaces the traditional pen-and-paper method”.

Where there are differences between my application and eat application that my application can know the number of people present inside the restaurant while the eat application does not have this feature.

2.3 Reviewing literature
2. 3.1 reviewing literature:
review it is an analysis of sources on a specific topic and gives an overview of literature and its classification and works on a comparison between them and provides results, as they can be summarized through articles, books, websites and others, where the reader can get some important topics and literature references contain many topics taken from sources Then the writer restates it according to his understanding and takes advantage of it..
In order to make a reservation system in the restaurant that helps people make reservations, many programs will be used to do this system, including:

 

 

 

 

Gosling, J., Holmes, D. C., & Arnold, K. (2005). The Java programming language.‏

• J Gosling, DC Holmes, K Arnold (2005), Java: It is a programming language designed to include as many implementation dependencies as possible and is intended for application developers to write and run them anywhere. It is a high-level programming language that provides direct contact with databases and is an easy language for preparing various applications and works quickly, and it is the appropriate programming environment for a student and it is an easy language to do many applications because it contains many features that help the programmer work with it as it can provide direct contact with the databases. In addition, what distinguishes it is this language. You can learn errors and modify them during programming. You can program many applications using Java and it is safe. It works through its virtual environment and it works on many systems, including Windows, Unix and other systems. and that all programs and devices that work in the Java language work quickly because it is processing Java is fast and it can add sound and movements to the web page and it is a high-level language because people can read and write it easily and that what distinguishes the Java language is that it is independent of its work because it is not related to operating systems or computers specific.

I will use the Java language to create my own application, and benefit from this article that the Java language is a suitable environment for students and helps them create applications using Java because it is an easy language and it locates the error for the student to modify so that he does not face difficulties.

Lazareska, L., & Jakimoski, K. (2017). Analysis of the Advantages and Disadvantages of Android and iOS Systems and Converting Applications from Android to iOS Platform and Vice Versa. American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications, 6(5), 116-120.‏

• Lazarela Lazareska, Kire Jakimoski (2017), Android studio: It is an operating system designed specifically for mobile devices and smart phones and it contains a software package that includes many software systems that provide a solution for mobile phone functions and its advantages is that it provides information about the department and sends notifications on the application and the user can obtain the information with one touch and it is devoted to displaying the touch screen in mobile phones and means the integrated development environment and helps in making high-quality applications as it works to provide code, markup and error correction tools And that many programmers prefer to use the Android Studio program because it contains a lot of programs needed to develop applications and contains many features that make it distinguished from Eclipse. As the Android Studio is a program through which we can extract many files and classes and it depends on the Java language to create an application on it, and what distinguishes Android Studio from others is the availability of many features that facilitate the work of programmers in creating the program interface it also facilitates the programming process for users, and you can write the codes in a easy without any errors and are saved automatically and provide many services in Google such as maps and documents in Google and translate it into many languages if the programmer needs other languages in an application.
The benefit from this article is that the Android Studio system contains many programs and features that help the student create his own application without any difficulty. I will use this system to create a restaurant reservation application.
Khawas, C., & Shah, P. (2018). Application of firebase in android app development-a study. International Journal of Computer Applications, 179(46), 49-53.‏

 Chunnu Khawas and Pritam Shah,(2018), Firebase: It is considered a major web application platform that assists developers in making high quality applications and it is a major system for creating mobile applications and web applications that require a database as it provides a basic scope for many applications and handles business on the server side and it is the basic tool in development and makes the applications of quality and it is fast and easy to use and it helps to provide a tool to collect formats for android applications ios Together to Share User Data and Information and Help Access Data the most important characteristic of it is through which you can authenticate the email and password and that it is compatible with the API and there is a static file hosting service such as java and html and it is a safe system through which you can set up a system for alerts to be sent to users’ devices.
I will use Firebase in my application to create a database, as the benefit of this article is that Firebase helps the project create and save a database, makes high quality and easy applications, and provides a tool for integrating formats in Android and ios.

 

 

 

 

Conde, N. N. N. (2015). ANALYSIS BETWEEN STAR UML AND ARGO UML.‏
 Naby Nouhou Nassou Conde, (2015), Star UML: It is an open source program that is fast, flexible, scalable, expandable and distinctive. It is free of charge and provides the most quality and productivity because it contains many results and that using star uml works to make designs of software models accurate, easy and fast and aims to build a software tool and the basic system and it is used for designing systems and expressing system requirements. It is a tool for modeling systems and applications. It provides a formula for describing elements of software systems and it provides a way to depict the system in a diagram. And UMl provides a simple code to produce models to facilitate the programmer and it is used for projects because it is the ideal language for detailing information, it is characterized by ease and flexibility of use and it is open source and helps in drawing all the plans and it is accurate to create the application and you can work with Oracle, Microsoft.

I will use UML star in my application because through it I will draw system diagrams, and it benefits from this article that open source UML star software can be downloaded by student without any difficulty or cost and it helps him in designing systems and makes designs accurate and easy.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kažović, D., & Valenčić, D. (2013, May). Using Microsoft Project for project management in non-governmental organisations. In 2013 36th International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO) (pp. 681-684). IEEE.‏

 Danijela Kažović; Davorin Valenčić, (2013). Project management is the continuous client for project planning, management, and monitoring of all aspects that the project requires in order to achieve the project’s goals and there are many programs that are used to support project management and through MS Project you can manage projects because it is considered a specialized program in project management MS Project: It is a program used for planning and through which it can draw and represent the work plan, control and manage the various activities of the project. You can allocate and organize resources for all activities and know the project budget and the volume of work. It is the program that provides many jobs, for example scheduling and settlement of resources and preparing reports in an easy-to-use way and we can through it easily prepare schedules and it helps project managers create a project plan, a program to display Gantt charts, and helps the project to plan and know project timing and plan drawing.

I will be using MS Project in my app to help me plan and draw a business plan and it is the easiest program to use to draw a project plan, and I will rely on the program to create the plan for my application.

 

 

 

Daud, N. M. K., & Aziz, M. A. A. (2019). Restaurant reservation system using Electronic customer relationship management. Academia Special Issue, 147, 152.‏

 

 Daud, N. M. K.,(2019) The reservation system via the Internet is a matter of great importance for every business and it has been applied to many activities to increase its profits and it is important that every institution must define the technologies through which it can increase its sales and profits and the use of the reservation system via the Internet may lead to an increase and Improve the efficiency of the business process Where the reservation stages are done by providing sufficient information and allowing the customer to make reservations through booking confirmation and making online payment. Among the features that must be included in the reservation system is to display changes in the reservation status, create a suitable design for the website, complete information, ease of updating and Online payment and the system must provide information about providing reservations so that users can process the reservation.

Take advantage of this article that booking via the Internet contributes to replacing the manual work process with a computerized system, so that it is easy for the customer to make beautiful reservations via the Internet without facing any problem.

 

 

 

 

Leifer, R. (2003). U.S. Patent Application No. 10/195,336.‏

 Leifer, R. (2003). Restaurant management is considered one of the basic things that helps in the success of restaurants and the success of the services that it will provide to customers. In addition, the restaurant management system enables customers to communicate directly and quickly with employees. These goals through Create an electronic systems application to help maintain communications between the customer and a waiter. The restaurant management system is a speed and accuracy in providing the best services to customers and an integrated management of the restaurant, as the restaurant management system helps you manage your restaurant with ease and make it work quickly, regularly and it saves more time for both parties.

Take advantage of this article that restaurant management is one of the main needs of all restaurants because it helps in the success of restaurants and makes it work in a regular and fast manner and helps in customer satisfaction.

 

 

 

 

2.4 Feasibility study
2.4.1 Explaining feasibility analysis
The feasibility study is to know all the information about the project, as it plays an important and significant role in the establishment, success and development of the project and to identify all the aspects encountered in the project work it is considered the main tool for completing the project because through it we can know the system requirements and the cost of the project, determine the important objectives of the project and know the potential positive and negative effects on the project before investing money and time in it, and it is possible to verify the plan and know all the resources and resources available for the project(will kention 2020).
There are many types of feasibility analysis, and feasibility will be used for this project: economic, legal, technology, technical, scheduling, ethical and operational.
2.4.2 SOWT Analysis
SWOT Analysis it is a tool that is used as part of the marketing plan and business strategy and is used to help people or the organization to know the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats related to the project. Dyson, R. G. (2004).
It can be divided into internal (strength, weakness) and external factors (opportunities, threats).

⸼ Strength: The positive characteristics that make your project distinct from others.
⸼ Weakness: The characteristics that make the project work against the result and not suitable for others.
⸼ Opportunities: External elements can be used for the project and lead to positive effects.
⸼ Threats: External elements that lead to problems in the project and endanger it.

Figure 9:SWOT
Strengths Weaknesses
• Speed in providing restaurant services.
• You can know the number of people in restaurants.
• The competitive advantage is that you can reserve a private car park.
• Ability to organize, arrange and plan.
• Slow application use.
• The unresponsiveness of the database is slow.
• There is not enough experience for the project owner.
• The costs are high.
Opportunities Threats
• Gain customer confidence.
• Learn about the use of modern technologies.
• Create a highly efficient application. • System hacker.
• People failed to use the app.
• Budget.
• The competition.
• The increase in the number of similar applications.
Table 2:SWOT
2.4.3 Describing each type of feasibility analysis
• Technical feasibility: Through it, the project owner can verify the validity of all the technical matters needed to make the project successful, and through the technical feasibility study, you can know the costs that the project needs, which are the hardware and software, used in creating the project and plan. We can link the technical feasibility with the technological feasibility because the project needs techniques for developing programs and devices, and thus this leads to the success of the project. There are many hardware and software that the project needs, including:
Software: are the programs that are used to complete the project:
o MS project: used for font writing and Gantt charts.
o Star UML: used for diagramming.
o Android studio: It is used to create the app on the mobile phone.
o MS Word: the report is being prepared.
o Firebase: to create a database.
o MS Power point: To create the presentation.
o Java: System language.
Hardware: The devices used to create the project:
o Laptop: used to create a report on it and search for matters related to the report.
o Hard desk: used to store large files.
o Printer: Used to print the report.
o Mobile phone: It is used to discuss the report and send the questionnaire via WhatsApp.
o Flash: to save files the project.
o Internet (Wi-Fi): to get project information.
o CDs: to save a copy of a report.

• Ethical and legal feasibility: It is the one that helps the owner of the project and determines the degree of compliance of the project with the legal and ethical needs so that this application contains laws and rules to protect users because this application is intended for all people, so their data must be saved and protected from penetration so that their unauthorized data cannot be accessed. Therefore, application protection software will be used to protect customer data.
• Feasibility Economic: It is the one that arises from the use of practical methods in all the data, whereby you can determine the returns from the project and know the cost within the framework of the economic feasibility study, as it helps the project to know the risks or problems that it will face economically and how to solve them, so it is necessary to analyze the economic feasibility so that it is There are any economic risks facing the project. Through the table, I will specify (resources, cost and quantity) for hardware and programs.

Software Cost Quantity
Star UML Free download. 1
Java Free download. 1
Android studio Free download. 1
MS Word 30 RO 1
MS project Free download. 1
MS Power point Free download 1
Total Cost = 30 RO
Table 3Software Cost
Hardware Cost Quantity
Laptop 200 1
Hard desk 30 1
Printer 30 1
Mobile phone 270 1
Flash 3 1
Internet (Wi-Fi): 30 1
CDs 3 1
Total Cost= 566 RO
Table 4 Hardware Cost
• Social feasibility: It is the feasibility that is concerned with the level of income in the community equally and helps the interaction of users within the application through knowledge of others and support workers As it provides job opportunities for them and thus leads to a higher level of income and it has a positive effect because this application will reduce the effort, time and congestion for users in the way of booking in restaurants without going to the restaurant site without any effort or loss.
• Feasibility scheduling: It is the feasibility that is concerned with the success of the project and determines the time or period in which that project ends, and helps to determine the cost of the project and avoids the additional costs so that the plan is converted into a schedule and is written in it when the project starts and when it ends. This feasibility helps in determining the time and date at which the project ends.
• Operational feasibility: It is the feasibility that focuses on all the details of the project, the extent of the success of the plan, how to solve the problems, know the needs of the project, identify the material situation of the project and analyze it in detail “Operational feasibility is a measure of how well the proposed system solves problems” (Alastair Shameem, 2020)Therefore this feasibility will help customers and solve their problems so that this application solves the manual reservation system and they can book in restaurants through the application without going to the restaurant in the least time and by using this application there will be direct contact between the restaurant and the customer.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chapter 3
3.1 Introduction
3. 1.1 restating the aim of the project
The Book Your Table app aims to increase the interaction between the restaurant and the customer. And the main goal of the application is to help customers make reservations regularly and quickly without going to the place of the restaurant, Get all the restaurant services and get acquainted with the offers offered by the restaurants, know the location of the restaurant, the method of payment, and the number of people present in the restaurant in the presence of the Covid-19 virus because there will be specific numbers And respond to all customer inquiries to gain customer confidence and satisfaction and get rid of the manual reservation method that is almost a hindrance for customers.
3.1.2 Stating the structure of this chapter
The chapter structure contains the methodology the project works on to make it a successful project.
This chapter contains topics related to the project:
 Methodology.
 Project plan.
 Requirements analysis.
 Preliminary design.
3.2 SWOT Analysis for Methodology
3.2.1 Analyzing each methodology
Methodology: It is the one that sets guidelines for solving the problems they face in the project in order to reach specific results, and it is an analysis that helps to understand a set of methods and makes it work in the form of stages and it determines the expected value of implementing the applications, and there are many types of methodologies used in project management therefore, a comparison will be made of the methodologies selected for the project, and then I will define the methodology that I can use to manage my project.
Strength Weakness
 Incremental Model:
 It is fast to create a program in the program life cycle.
 It is flexible and its cost is low.
 Ease of finding mistakes.
 Ease of making changes in the development stage.
 Prototype Model:
 Easily identify missing jobs.
 Easy detection of errors.
 Flexible in design.
 Helps in customer satisfaction and comfort.
 Ease of taking ideas about the product before starting its production.
 Easy access to notes, which helps to know solutions.
 DSDM Model:
 Provides guidance on aspects of the project.
 Ease of application development with the integration of agile principles.
 Fast delivery of basic product functions.
 Quick access for developers to users.
 Projects completed on time.  Incremental Model:
 It requires mastery in design and planning.
 It takes a lot of time to debug the units.
 Bad system architecture.
 The iteration phase does not overlap each other.
 The model is complicated.
 Prototype Model:
 The problem is analyzed in an inadequate and incomplete manner.
 Works on complexity of the system.
 Some details not included in the prototype.
 Bad documents due to the constant change of customer requirements.
 DSDM Model:

 Its high cost of implementation.
 Not suitable for small establishments.
 Rapid change and disruption in project culture

Opportunities Threats
 Incremental Model:
 Create projects with technology.
 Create web applications.
 Get the requirements in advance.
 Prototype Model:
 Computer interface systems design.
 Creating systems via the Internet and web interfaces.
 Action artificial intelligence applications.
 DSDM Model:
 The redundancy that can address the program’s system needs.
 Allowing to prioritize developing software system functions and easily keeping the project on the right frame  Incremental Model:
 It is not flexible and needs a good design and it cannot interfere with every stage of iteration and the occurrence of problems in the system architecture due to the lack of recording the requirements of the program life cycle.
 Prototype Model:
 Prototypes can make false predictions
 User dissatisfaction with prototypes
 DSDM Model:
 No experience in using the DSDM model.
 Difficulty in communicating between departments.
 Difficulty participating in the development process.

Table 5:SWOT Analysis for Methodology
3.3 Justifying methodology
3.3.1 Comparing the methodologies using parameters in tabular form:
Prototype model
DSDM model Incremental model Factors
Moderate Moderate High Success guarantee
High High Low Cost Requirement
High Moderate experience Moderate Team Skill Requirement
Very flexible Flexible So Very flexible Flexibility
High High Low Cost of rework
Moderate Moderate Moderate Simplicity
Table 6:Comparing the methodologies
3.3.2 Justifying selected methodology:
The reason for choosing a DSDM model: Choosing a DSDM model for my project is because it all focuses on the project life cycle through which you can easily develop applications and can use it for large projects and it is a system that depends on the ongoing investment to develop projects. It is also easy for designers to reach customers and deliveries are done on time agreed upon The application that I will design contains many uses, including e-commerce and reservations of some restaurants in the Sultanate of Oman And this model helps to develop programs and more knowledge in the method of project management as this methodology helps to solve all problems in complex programs and it is flexible in dealing with customer requirements. The DSDM model provides a framework of controls and best practices to aid in the development of applications at a high speed. The DSDM model remains effective in providing maintainable systems. (Stapleton, J, 1999).

Figure 10:DSDM
3.4 Application methodology
3.4.1 Describing the stages of the selected methodology
The work on this project is done using the DSDM methodology, which passes through five stages, which I will explain below:

1. Feasibility study: At this stage, it is necessary to define the problems facing the project, to identify the most important objectives and scope of the project, and to ensure the technical feasibility of the application.
2. study: At this stage, all business requirements will be identified through a simple study of an application to know its requirements in addition to determining the information requirements, and then a test of the application will be performed. Is this application ready for implementation or not.
3. Design and build iteration: In this stage, the focus is on the prototype, so it is necessary to make sure of the prototypes if they are designed in a way that matches their operating environment.
4. Functional model iteration stage: The most important thing that focuses on at this stage is to repeat the prototypes and review them by users to know the system requirements. Also, the functions required to implement the model must be defined.
5. Implementation stage: In the last stages of the DSDM phase, users are trained on how to start using the application.
3.5 Project Planning
3.5.1 Introducing project planning:
Project planning: It is the part and the first step in the project, meaning it is a preconception of the project implementation phases and knowing the risks that it will face upon implementation. It is used to organize aspects of the project and how to complete the project and divide the work structure so that the project manager can determine the time period during which he can complete the project in an integrated manner and become a successful and acceptable project for clients In addition, through the Gantt chart, you can find the start and end times of the project. (Pedro Serrador, 2013).
3.5.2 Explaining each aspect of project planning:
 Acceptance plan: It is the plan that determines the extent of customer satisfaction and is a plan between the customer and the owner and contains the standards, comprehensive tasks and requirements that must be met to meet the requirements of the customer.
Acceptance plan Types
Through which all project costs are saved and potential risks are avoided, as the costs of all tasks are known to accelerate work performance. Determine the cost
All tasks are delivered in a specified time, as it is considered an important achievement to make the project successful and to make it work clearly
Time
For the project to be successful, all costs and target groups for the project are determined
Initiation Report
The program is used to draw and illustrate the idea of the application
Design
It is used to operate and modify software
System interface

 

Table 7:Acceptance plan
 Resource plan: It is one of the important tasks that help the project succeed and complete it to the fullest extent. The project needs some programs, devices and other resources to be completed, and the following table shows the hardware and software used for this project.

Resource Function
Software MS project Used for font writing and Gantt charts.
Star UML Used for diagramming.
Android studio It is used to create the app on the mobile phone.
MS Word The report is being prepared.
MS Power point To create the presentation.
Java System language.
Firebase To create a database.
Hardware Laptop Used to create a report on it and search for matters related to the report.
Hard desk Used to store large files.
Printer Used to print the report.
Mobile phone It is used to discuss the report and send the questionnaire via WhatsApp.
Flash To save files the project.
Internet (Wi-Fi) To get project information.
CDs To save a copy of a report.
Table 8: Resource plan
 Communication plan: Communication plays an important role in the success of the project, which helps to achieve the goals of the plan and know the activities necessary for the project, and through it you can communicate with the project team and discuss the tasks and requirements of the project and through this communication, the project owner will gain the information and data he needs to achieve the project goals.
Communication Way of communication Discussion Statement
Ms Ghaniya AlHadrani Teams program Several topics were discussed for the project. The project was selected.
supervisor Email The project topic has been sent to the supervisor. Responded with approval.
Ms Aparna Teams program The project idea has been discussed with the teacher. Discuss choosing a title.
Ms Aparna Teams program Discuss a group of two titles. Good title created for the project.
Ms Aparna Teams program Some of the projects problems were discussed. Project problems have been resolved.
supervisor Email Chapters were corrected with bug correct supervisor. Some notes were obtained.
Table 9:Communication plan

3.5.3 Including diagrams/figures/tables and flowcharts

Figure 11:WBS1

Figure 12:WBS2

Figure 13:WBS3
Gantt chart: It is the type of graph by which you can know the project schedule and can determine the start and end of the project tasks, whether they are main or subsidiary, where a Gantt chart provides a graphical illustration of a timeline that helps in planning and coordinating the tasks in the project (sharp, NA, 2009).

Figure 14:Gantt chart1

Figure 15:Gantt chart2

Figure 16:Gantt chart3

Figure 17: Gantt chart4

Figure 18:Gantt chart5

Risk management plan: It is a plan prepared by the project manager to identify the risks that may occur in the project and prevent the achievement of the project objectives. Therefore, the manager sets a plan to avoid the risks that occur and finds a quick solution that does not affect the project badly. Where there are many risks facing the project, including internal and external:

Internal Risk: They are the internal risk that affect the project and they are:

o Technology risks: it is one of the most dangerous risks that cause a great danger to the project. Therefore, the project manager must appoint a technician capable of repairing faults that cause problems so that the project is not affected And since the project is related to information technology, the project’s needs for hardware and software must be determined, as some programs contain viruses when they are loaded that make the project in danger and expose it to failure. Therefore, the project manager must avoid this point to protect the programs from viruses and penetration.

o Management risk: is a process that develops enterprise strategies and is used to reduce and overcome risks facing the project.

o Time Risks: The project manager must create a schedule to coordinate and specify the time so that there is no difficulty or delay in the task of the project.

External Risk: They are the external risk that affect the project and they are:

o Resource risk: It is the materials used for project work, such as hardware, human resources, and software, so that the project manager creates a successful project.

o Economic risk: in the sense of the budget and cost of the project, therefore, the manager must determine the cost of the project so that he determines for each task its budget and cost that it needs so that no problems occur. Therefore, the project owner is supposed to prepare an economic risk plan so that he is aware.
Mitigation /management plan Impact Probability of occurrence Risk Type of risk
To avoid this risk, it is necessary to make sure that the device is working and download an anti-virus program to protect programs from penetration and use a firewall to protect the system.
High High There are some technological risks facing the project such as:
-System hack
-Viruses
-Data loss and software corruption. Technology risks Internal Risk
The project idea must be clearly defined and clarified in order to achieve the goals and alternative plans to be used in case of emergency. High High The lack of clarity of the project idea and there is no alternative plan in case of emergency.
Management risk
Only one schedule must be created to prepare a plan and determine the start and end date of the project at a specific time. High High Too many schedules and project delays. Time Risks
Provide the necessary resources to implement the project and attend workshops to increase the experience of the employees. Medium High There are not enough resources to create this project. And no employee experience. Resource risk External Risk
Before starting the project, the cost of all tasks must be known, and then the required budget is determined. High Medium Lack of budget and high cost. Economic risk
Table 10:Risk management plan
3.6 Data collection and analysis
3.6.1 Describing data collection methods
Data collection is the main method that helps to collect the information needed for the project, as it helps the project manager to collect all data, suggestions and information that help him complete the project, where there are many technologies that are used to collect data such as Questionnaire, interviews, site visits, laboratory experiments, etc. For this project, I used a questionnaire to collect some information that I needed to complete the project.
Data analysis:
 Questionnaire: It is a tool used to obtain information and data related to the restaurant reservation project and distribute it to people to obtain some answers that can be used by the project manager. Where it is necessary to conduct a questionnaire to know some of the details related to the project as well as to know the problems that the customer faces in booking Where the questionnaire contains an open question so that customers can write an opinion with credibility and closed questions that have limited answers, for example (yes, no) and (agree, disagree) and others The questionnaire contains a set of advantages, including:
 Inexpensive.
 It does not require effort.
 Does not require experience.
I did an online questionnaire using Google Forms that consisted of 10 questions. Here is the link to the questionnaire: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd9NR13zOOWs1kQPD6HFiMpdyfYBpIC2yU8pe_AJup2QGEZow/viewform?usp=sf_link

Figure 19:Q1
Percentage of males was 46%, while the percentage of females was 55%. In a question, I received about 33 answers.

Figure 20:Q2
The total number of people who chose yes was 97%, who supported the idea of making a reservation application in restaurants. Therefore, all people support the idea of making a reservation application in restaurants, because it reduces the time they spend in reservation.

Figure 21:Q3
53% of people according to the results I found did not try to use the restaurant reservation application, and 47% used the restaurant reservation application.

Figure 22:Q4
61% of respondents agree that online reservation is one of the things people need to book in restaurants.

Figure 23:Q5
The number of people who chose yes is 58%, depending on the results that I found, and that the number of parking spaces will suffice in the event of overcrowding! Therefore, the application includes a reservation feature for car parks, which reduces the time for the customer.

Figure 24:Q6
The number of people who agree that the restaurant reservation application makes restaurants more flexible depending on the results. 70%. Therefore, the restaurant reservation application will help restaurants by making it work quickly and regularly.

Figure 25:Q7
The number of people who answered yes 36% and the number of people who answered no 64% who have difficulty using the restaurant reservation application, so this application will be designed in an easy and simple way that helps people make reservations with ease.

Figure 26:Q8
The number of people who prefer to eat food in the restaurant is 36%, while the people who prefer to take away 64% according to the results.
Some open question answers
What is your suggestion to develop the restaurant reservation process?
• Do the healthy food’ a played the good service. And attracted people through do nice place and clean.
• Make it easy and clear.
• To make more app about it.
• Take the opinion of the restaurant customers.
• It’s a good idea to provide an application to be used by the customers for reservation.
• Diversify payment process.
• Less price more customers.
• Prices are calculated according to the reservation hours and also according to the number of people.
3.7 Requirements
3.7.1 Describing the various requirements to develop the system Tabulating information.
 Project requirements: It is the process by which the collection of project needs is determined, as the project needs, before starting it, many requirements that help in the completion of the project and that the quality of these requirements is of great importance that helps in the success of any project (Li-Ren Yang, 2012), and if these requirements are not completed, it will affect the project and become weak and there will be no benefit for the people, For example, if there is no protection software, the application will be affected so that hackers can easily penetrate the system.

 External interface requirements: In this section, the external interface requirements are defined, such as hardware, software, or database with which the system interacts, so that this interface consists of an integrated and high-quality description, and the requirements such as: user interface, software interface, hardware and communication interface are arranged.

Communication interface Hardware interface Software interface User interface
Outlook Google chrome Hard Disk Mouse
Teams Android studio Processor Printer
Kaizala Firebase Flash Keyboard
Table 11:External interface requirements

 Functional requirements: are the project requirements in which the stakeholders work.
 Customer: All customers can log in to access the application, through which they can reserve the restaurant they want and then reserve the foods and other services provided by the restaurant.
 Employees: All employees can log in to the application through a username and a specific password to identify the foods required by the customers
 Restaurant: It provides jobs for customers and provides a system for all users to book restaurants.
 User characteristics: The characteristics that are distinguished by the user in the restaurant reservation application:
 Gender and Age: Both sexes, whether male or female, can use the system.
 Skills: Users must be able to interact with the hardware and software.
 Experience: The user must have sufficient experience to deal with the system.
 Performance requirements: To know the system’s needs and requirements, they must be identified as follows:
 The system should be able to accommodate large numbers of users.
 The system must be able to expand and develop.
 Should be able to store massive numbers of database users.
 The application works with high quality.
 Design Constraints:
 The user must record all his data, username and other data to confirm the reservation in the restaurant.
 All users can use privileges to update the system and to delete and modify data.
 User data must be stored in a strong database to protect their data.
 The application must contain all the details of the restaurants and all the services they provide.
 Database requirements: Firebase will be used to store the database in the system, as there are some requirements that must be met in the database:
 The size of the database must be specified.
 The ability to detect data saved in the database.
 The system must contain a high-quality database to save user data.
 Configuration and storage capacity must be specified.
 That the database contains a backup copy.
 Security requirements: the security to apply the main part to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of customer data and to avoid tampering with data by unauthorized persons. Therefore, it must:
 Create backup copies of the data so that he can obtain it at any time.
 Use the encryption and encryption process to protect your data from being hacked.
 All privileges must be used accurately and documented administrative privileges.
 Maintenance requirements: There are many specialized requirements in maintenance:
 Replacing or changing the interface needs to change the programming.
 Code maintenance, so that every code must be maintained before starting to use it, and this type is present in the software development program.
 Data must be maintained, data-based inputs and outputs recognized, and database verified.
 Usability requirements:
 The ability of users to understand the application through the instructions connected in the application.
 The application must meet all customer requirements and be able to communicate with restaurants with ease.
 The user must be familiar with the application components.
 The application is available 24 hours.
 Not to place any restrictions in the reservation process so that no delays occur to the customer.
 The application must be designed in an attractive way in order to attract the user’s attention and be unique.

3.8 Illustrations
3.8.1 Providing diagrams/tables to illustrate the design
 Use case diagram

Figure 27:Use case diagram
 Use case specification
Choose restaurants Use case Name
The reservation will begin by logging in, then searching for the restaurant you want to book in, then completing the reservation of food, table and parking. Description
Zuwaina AL.housni. Author
Customer. Actor
MEC- Muscat. Location
Specific paths. Status
1 Priority
The customer will search for restaurants by logging into the application and then he can search. Assumption
Users must log into the system. Precondition
The restaurant names will appear. Post condition
User can search for restaurants via the application. Primary path
The customer can book the restaurant manually. Alternate pathway(s)
Restaurants cannot be booked when the page load time has expired. Exception pathway(s)
Table 12:Use case specification
 Class diagram

Figure 28:Class diagram

 

 

 

 Sequence diagram

Figure 29:Sequence diagram
 System flowcharts

Figure 30:System flowcharts
 Entity Relationship Diagram

Figure 31:Entity Relationship Diagram
 Data Flow Diagram

Figure 32:Data flow Diagram

 

 

 

 

 Context Diagram

Figure 33:Context Diagram
 Level 0

Figure 34:Level 0

 

 

 

 

 

 Level 1

Figure 35:Level 1

 

 

 

3.8.2 Providing screenshots of initial prototypes
Reference:
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Questionnaire

Certificate of Ethical Approval