Human
Services
in Public
Schools
IMPORTANT ROLES IN
PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Social Workers
School Counselors
School Psychologist
Mental Health Professional
School social workers are critical liaisons
between students and their families, the
school system, and the community.
Primary role is to support a wide range of
at-risk and marginalized students:
– ensuring students attended school
– children’s adjustments are being met
– children with disabilities receive the
services they need
Most states require that school social workers have an
MSW with a specialization in school social work, accrue
1200 hours in an internship, 720 hours in public school and
pass the state content exam.
School
Social
Workers
National Association of Social Workers (NASW)
Former professional associations:
American Association of Social Workers (AASW)
American Association of Medical Social Workers (AAMSW)
American Association of Psychiatric Social Workers (AAPSW)
American Association of Group Workers (AAGW)
Association for the Study of Community Organization (ASCO)
Social Work Research Group (SWRG)
National Association of School Social Workers (NASSW)
Professional Associations
Duties and Functions of
School Social Workers
Roles and functions are typically generalist in nature
but have become increasingly specialized as
challenges have transitioned over the years.
managing psychosocial issues
maintain close working relationship between
student/family and school
advocate for students and family members
provide individual and group counseling
facilitate support groups focusing on anger
management, social skills, grief/loss, divorce,
newomer for new students
Case management
Crisis intervention
School counselors play a vita role in
ensuring student success.
Primary role is to promote safe and
effective learning environment for all
students by delivering culturally relevant
services as a part of a comprehensive
school counseling program.
3 Basic Focus Areas: Academic, Career,
and Personal and Social Development
All states require that school counselors have a minimum
of a MA degree in school counseling, typically offered with
the education department at university, 450+ hours
practicum and internship in a school setting, and exam or
thesis.
School
Counselors
American School Counselor Association (ASCA)
ASCA developed a national framework for school counseling programs with he goal of
promoting student achievement by addressing student’s personal, social, educational
and career needs.
The framework is built on 4 principles: foundation, delivery, management and
accountability
Professional Associations
Foundation
Focus is the mission and vision of a comprehensive
school counseling plan for academic achievement
Delivery
Individual student planning, providing services,
individual counseling
Management
Ongoing management of organization processes,
delivery of services to ensure goals are met
Accountability
collecting and evaluating data
Ethical Dilemmas
Facing School
Counselors
Maintaining confidentiality of student counseling
sessions
Record keeping
Child Abuse
Ethical boundaries
School psychologist play a vita role in
creating health and safe learning
environments.
The goals are similar to social workers
and school counselors but their duties
and functions food on student learning,
which also includes supporting teachers
in their efforts to teach all learning styles.
All states require either a master’s degree in educational
psychology or a doctorate degree, 1200 hour internship in a
school setting and complete a licensing exam.
School
Psychologist
National Association of School Psychologists (NASP)
Developed to maintain professional ethics in 4 broad areas:
1) Respecting the dignity and rights of all persons
2′) Professional competence and responsibility
3) Honesty and integrity in professional relationships
4) Responsibility to schools, families, communities, the professionals and society
Professional Associations
Duties and Functions of
School Psychologist
School psychologists work directly with students,
teachers, administrators, families and other
members of the student services team with the goal
of helping students achieve their optimal level of
academic performance
Conducting psychological and academic testing
Developing programs that increase student motivation
and engagement
Creating individualized education programs that include
instructional programs and interventions
Monitor student progrss through observation, testing, and
evaluation
Promoting positive mental health
Individual and group counseling
Ethical Dilemmas
Facing School
Psychologist
Balance a student’s right to privacy with the parent’s rights to know what’s
going on with their child
Complying with federal legislation such as IDEA and No Child Left Behind
in a way that respects the rights of students with disabilities
Students with significant disabilities with psychiatric and behavioral
disorders that can disrupt learning environments or pose a danger to
other students
Parents refuse to agree to the restraint or seclusion even if their behaior
warrants it.
Mental
Health and
Other
Psychosocial
Concerns
Thee has been a drastic increase of
children between the ages of 12 – 17 who
have experienced at least one episode
of major depression.
Due to the rise in mental health needs,
research is recommending the need for
school mental health providers in school
settings.
By having a mental health provider in
the school, it adds additional support
expanding a student’s support system.
Substance
Abuse in
Schools
Substance abuse is growing across the
United Staes, primarily in high schools
but also now in middle schools.
74 % of high school seniors in suburban
high schools have reported using
alcohol sometime in the past and 40%
have reported using illegal drugs in the
past.
Lambie and Rokutani suggest using
systems perspective in evaluating
substance abuse in adolescent
population views the issue as a systems
perspective view as a sign of something
connected within the family system.
Diversity in
Public
Schools
School counselors, social workers and
psychologists need to recognize and address
racial and ethnic concerns in the school.
Things addressed:
Discrimination
Cultural Sensitivity
Racial Profiling
Bias Based Bullying/Cyberbullying
LGBTQ sensitivity
Terrorism
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