History 109 Midterm Study Guide
*For the ‘study questions,’ as you probably know through past quizzes, the content of the True/False (and also fill-in-the-blank, and multiple choice questions to be found in your midterm) can be derived from these questions. Furthermore, they could also serve as short essay questions. So work on these study questions accordingly.
*For the historical terms, please make sure to define and understand its relation to the main topic at hand (why is this term important for this topic). Many of these terms will likely find its way into the midterm as a ‘fill-in-the-blank’
Topic 1: Old World Meets New World
Study questions:
-what were some ‘paradigm shifts’ that occurred once the Old World and New World established contact? Explain each one briefly.
-What is ‘exceptionalism”? Why is this viewpoint important when considering the eventual domination of the New World by Europe?
-what is ecological imperialism, and in what ways does it disprove the following ideas: a) “European exceptionalism as justification for domination” ; b) conquest as a contingent (not necessary) event.
-What were the motivations behind Spain’s conquest and settlement of the New World? Compare this with the later French and Dutch.
-explain the connection between “miscegenation” and the colonial goals of the Spanish in the New World. How would this eventually affect the racial landscape of Latin America?
-What is the main argument in the lecture’s discussion of the sale of Manhattan island?
historical terms: Las Casas Debate; encomienda system; “civilization” discourse; “middle ground” (what does this thesis argue against?); the “Indians’ New World” (three stages); racial replacement.
Textbook questions:
– What is the “Black Legend”? How did this figure into later French and Dutch interactions with natives? (Feel free to google the term Black Legend for further explanation; the book should have explained more, I feel)
-Who were the Huguenots, and what role did they play in French settlement?
-How did the French think about miscegenation?
-What was the function of the Dutch ‘patroon’ system?
-How did the “Hakluyt Tract” disguise English economic motives in the New World?
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