Data Analysis & Intelligence

Question:Please define each of the following concepts and provide one example of each concept: descriptive and inferential statistics, a sample and a population, qualitative and quantitative variables, and finally, discrete and continuous variables.Note:1. Need to write at least 2 paragraphs2. Need to include the information from the textbook as the reference.3. Need to include at least 1 peer reviewed article as the reference.4. Please find the textbook and related power point in the attachmentBUS 604 Syllabus
MASTER IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION PROGRAMBUS 604Data Analysis and IntelligenceSyllabusTable of ContentsCourse Description 3Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs) Linked to Program Outcomes 4CLA Linking Table 5Detailed Course Outline 6Course Description
COURSE NAMEData Analysis and IntelligenceCODEBUS 604UNITS3LENGTH OF CLASS8 weeksCOURSE DESCRIPTIONThis course is designed to provide the students with an intermediate knowledge of statistics, both theoretical and its application for data analysis. Topics covered in this course include data collection and presentation, descriptive statistics, probability theory and its application in data analysis and interpretation. The course also covers test of hypotheses for one and two population parameters, ANOVA, and regression analysis. Also covered in the course is time-series data analysis and application of inferential statistics in the quality control process
REQUIRED TEXTLind, D. A., Marchal, W. G., & Wathen, S. A. (2021). Statistical techniques in business & economics (18th ed.). McGraw-Hill.ISBN 978-1-260-23947-8METHOD OF INSTRUCTIONThe course is conducted in a hybrid modality. Students interact with each other and with the faculty in a classroom setting and in an online learning system. Learning will be facilitated through lecture-discussions, presentations, cooperative learning, and case studies.SCOPEStudent outcomes are measured through professional individual assignments, discussion postings, comprehensive learning assessments, and class participation. This ensures that the scope of this course will be a closed cycle.Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs) Linked to Program Outcomes
Learning outcomes are statements that describe significant and essential learning that learners have achieved, and can reliably demonstrate at the end of the course. Learning outcomes identify what the learner will know and be able to do by the end of a course – the essential and enduring knowledge, abilities (skills) and attitudes (values, dispositions) that constitute the integrated learning needed by a graduate of this course. The learning outcomes for this course summarize what you can expect to learn, and how this course is tied directly to the educational outcomes of your MBA degree.Course Learning Objectives (CLOs)MBA Program Objectives(K) Knowledge(S) Skill(A) Attitude1. Develop an understanding of basic concepts and terminologies in statistics1, 2, 3K2. Define descriptive statistics and discuss data collection, data organization, data presentation, and data summarization with Excel illustration.1, 2, 3, 4K S A3. Explain the concepts of probability, random variables, discrete probability distributions, and continuous probability distributions1, 2, 3, 4, 8K, S4. Evaluate the Central Limit Theorem and its importance in data analysis and interpretation1, 2, 3, 4, 9K, S5. Develop an understanding of test of hypotheses for one and two population parameters3, 4, 5, 6K, S, A6. Explain the concept of ANOVA and simple and multiple regression its application in data analysis3, 4, 5, 6, 7K, S, A7. Develop an understanding and nonparametric test of hypotheses models4, 6, 7K, S, A8. Verify application of statistical methods in the quality control process4, 6, 7, 9K, S, ACLA Linking Table
Comprehensive Learning Assessments (CLAs), Professional Assessments (PAs) and Discussion Questions (DQs) directly measure Course Learning Outcomes and indirectly measure MBA Program Outcomes. The following table shows how all those are linked together.Comprehensive Learning Assessments (CLAs)Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)MBA Program OutcomesCLA1 (Week 4)2, 3, 4, 51, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8CLA2 (Week 8)1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 81, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9PA Linking Table
Professional Assessments (PAs)Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)MBA Program OutcomesPA1 (Week 2)1, 2, 31, 2, 3, 4, 8PA2 (Week 6)5, 63, 4, 5, 6, 7DQ Linking Table
Discussion Questions (DQs)Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)MBA Program OutcomesDQ 1 (Week 1)1, 21, 2, 3, 4DQ 1 (Week 2)1, 2, 31, 2, 3, 4, 8DQ 1 (Week 3)3, 41, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9DQ 1 (Week 4)2, 3, 51, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8DQ 1 (Week 5)5, 63, 4, 5, 6, 7DQ 1 (Week 6)5, 63, 4, 5, 6, 7DQ 1 (Week 7)7, 84, 6, 7, 9Weekly Activities Linking Table
ActivityCourse Learning Outcomes (CLOs)MBA Program OutcomesActivity 1: Week 11, 21, 2, 3, 4Activity 2: Week 33, 41, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9Activity 3: Week 55, 63, 4, 5, 6, 7Detailed Course Outline
The following outline provides important assignment details for this course, week-by-week. You are responsible for all of the assignments given. Please refer to the Detailed Description of Each Grading Criteria in the University Policies for specific information about each assignment.1. Week 1
Assignments to complete this week:· Reading:· Chapter 1: What is ?· Chapter 2: Describing Data: Frequency Tables, Frequency Distributions and Graphic Presentation· Post DQ Answers by Thursday at 11:59 p.m.· Post DQ Peer Responses by Sunday at 11:59 p.m.· Activity 1 due by Sunday at 11:59 p.m.Each week, students must post one (1) answer and one (1) peer response for every discussion question. Please see Grading Criteria for Discussion Board Participation in the University Policies for Discussion Question and Response expectations.Discussion Question 1 – CLO 1, CLO 2Please define each of the following concepts and provide one example of each concept: descriptive and inferential statistics, a sample and a population, qualitative and quantitative variables, and finally, discrete and continuous variables.Activity 1 – CLO1, CLO2Provide solutions to the following problems from the text:· Problem 34 on page 44· Problem 40 on page 47For each problem please:· Briefly write about the underlying concepts· Explain the appropriate mathematical formula (s)· Show your calculations· Present tables and figures if relevant· Interpret your result· Provide in-text citationsThis is a learning and application exercise designed to give you an opportunity to apply concepts learned in a pragmatic and meaningful way that will enable you to gain valuable and relevant knowledge in an effort to augment your skill set and enhance your professional careers.2. Week 2
Assignments to complete this week:· Reading:· Chapter 3: Describing Data: Numerical Measures· Chapter 4: Describing Data: Displaying and Exploring Data· Chapter 5: A Survey of Probability Concepts· Post DQ Answers by Thursday at 11:59 p.m.· Post DQ Peer Responses by Sunday at 11:59 p.m.· Professional Assignment 1 due by Sunday at 11:59 p.m.Each week, students must post one (1) answer and one (1) peer response for every discussion question. Please see Grading Criteria for Discussion Board Participation in the University Policies for Discussion Question and Response expectations.Discussion Question 1, CLO 1, CLO 2, CLO 31- Describe the concepts of prior probability, conditional probability, joint probability, and posterior probability.2- Explain Bayes’ Theorem and provide a numerical example related to a real-life situation.Professional Assignment 1 – CLO 1, CLO 2, CLO 3Using LIRN (or JSTOR), Internet, and the textbook, please develop and prepare an APA formatted paper that provides an analysis of all of the following topics. Please include a management decision-making perspective in each topic you analyze:· Define and the different types of statistics, as well as the associated terms such as variables, types of data, and scale of measurement. Provide at least one example.· Define a Frequency Table and all of the associated terms. Provide at least one example.· Compare the two (2) numerical ways of describing quantitative variables; measures of location and measures of dispersion. Provide at least one example.· Identify and describe the ways of displaying and exploring data. Provide at least one example.· Identify and describe the concepts of probability. Give at least one example.· Research a company (or companies) that have used some of these concepts, and present how they were able to make strategic business decisions.*Please refer to the Grading Criteria for Professional Assignments in the University Policies for specific guidelines and expectations.3. Week 3
Assignments to complete this week:· Reading:· Chapter 6: Discrete Probability Distributions· Chapter 7: Continuous Probability Distributions· Chapter 8: Sampling Methods and the Central Limit Theorem· Chapter 9: Estimation and Confidence Intervals· Post DQ Answers by Thursday at 11:59 p.m.· Post DQ Peer Responses by Sunday at 11:59 p.m.· Activity 2: Due Sunday 11:59 p.m.Each week, students must post one (1) answer and one (1) peer response for every discussion question. Please see Grading Criteria for Discussion Board Participation in the University Policies for Discussion Question and Response expectations.Discussion Question 1 – CLO 3, CLO 4· What is a probability distribution?· What is a continuous probability distribution?· What are the differences in the various types of sampling?· Discuss the concept of confidence interval.· What factors will you consider when determining sample size?· Provide an example from business for the usefulness of confidence interval and sample size determinationActivity 2: CLO 3, CLO 4Provide solutions to the following problems from the text:· Problem 39 on page 203· Problem 40 on page 204· Problems 5 and 6 Page 242· Problems 31 and 32 page 274· Problem3 page 311· Problem 9 page 312For each problem please:· Briefly write about the underlying concepts· Explain the appropriate mathematical formula (s)· Show your calculations· Present tables and figures if relevant· Interpret your result· Provide in-text citationsThis is a learning and application exercise designed to give you an opportunity to apply concepts learned in a pragmatic and meaningful way that will enable you to gain valuable and relevant knowledge in an effort to augment your skill set and enhance your professional careers.4. Week 4
Assignments to complete this week:· Reading:· Chapter 10: One-Sample Tests of Hypothesis· Chapter 11: Two-Sample Tests of Hypothesis· Chapter 12: Analysis of Variance· Post DQ Answers by Thursday at 11:59 p.m.· Post DQ Peer Responses by Sunday at 11:59 p.m.· CLA 1 due by Sunday at 11:59 p.m.Each week, students must post one (1) answer and one (1) peer response for every discussion question. Please see Grading Criteria for Discussion Board Participation in the University Policies for Discussion Question and Response expectations.Discussion Question 1- CLO 2, CLO 3, CLO 5Briefly define the following concepts and provide numerical examples:· The Null hypothesis· Type I error· Type II error· Test statistic· Critical values· p-valueCLA 1 Comprehensive Learning Assessment – CLO 2, CLO 3, CLO 4, CLO 5Using your textbook (look at some of the business examples that are illustrated), LIRN, JSTOR.org, and the Internet, develop an 7th edition APA formatted paper that defines and presents an analysis of the following concepts in a business application. This means that you must provide examples of how each of these concepts can be used by upper-level management to make strategic decisions, and provide details on how statistical concepts used in the decision-making process can be summarized and presented to a board of directors (for example).:· Types of statistics used for business· How Computer Software Applications can be used to process and analyze data· How data can be displayed and explored in an effort to make better strategic business decisions· How Probability is used in sales, marketing, manufacturing, and so forth.· How to test hypotheses and compare results for the purpose of forecasting and making better strategic business decisions.· Develop a hypothetical numerical example, conduct a test of hypotheses, and interpret the results.*Please refer to the Grading Criteria for Comprehensive Learning Assessments (CLAs) in the University Policies for specific guidelines and expectations.5. Week 5
Assignments to complete this week:· Reading:· Chapter 13: Correlation and Linear Regression· Chapter 14: Multiple Regression Analysis· Chapter 15: Nonparametric Methods: Nominal Level Hypothesis Tests· Post DQ Answers by Thursday at 11:59 p.m.· Post DQ Peer Responses by Sunday at 11:59 p.m.· Activity 3 due by Sunday at 11:59 p.m.Each week, students must post one (1) answer and one (1) peer response for every discussion question. Please see Grading Criteria for Discussion Board Participation in the University Policies for Discussion Question and Response expectations.Discussion Question 1 – CLO 5, CLO 6· Discuss the difference between correlation and causation· Discuss the purpose of multiple regression· Discuss the underlying assumptions of multiple regression and what can be done if the assumptions are not met.Activity 3 – CLO 5, CLO 6Provide solutions to the following problems from the text:· Problem 50 on page 345· Problem 22 on page 373· Problems 27 Page 417· Problems 50 page 479· Problem 1 page 538· Problem 59 page 577For each problem please:· Briefly write about the underlying concepts· Explain the appropriate mathematical formula (s)· Show your calculations· Present tables and figures if relevant· Interpret your result· Provide in-text citationsThis is a learning and application exercise designed to give you an opportunity to apply concepts learned in a pragmatic and meaningful way that will enable you to gain valuable and relevant knowledge in an effort to augment your skill set and enhance your professional careers.6. Week 6
Assignments to complete this week:· Reading:· Chapter 16: Nonparametric Methods: Analysis of Ordinal Data· Chapter 17: Index Numbers· Chapter 18: Time Series and Forecasting· Post DQ Answers by Thursday at 11:59 p.m.· Post DQ Peer Responses by Sunday at 11:59 p.m.· Professional Assignment 2 due by Sunday at 11:59 p.m.Each week, students must post one (1) answer and one (1) peer response for every discussion question. Please see Grading Criteria for Discussion Board Participation in the University Policies for Discussion Question and Response expectations.Discussion Question 1- CLO 6, CLO 7Please explain the steps involved in conducting a goodness-of-fit test to determine whether a sample of observations is from a normal population. Provide a numerical exampleProfessional Assignment 2 – CLO 6, CLO 7Using LIRN (or JSTOR), Internet, and the textbook, please develop and prepare an APA formatted paper that provides an analysis of all of the following topics. Please include a management decision-making perspective in each topic you analyze:· Test of hypotheses for the median· Index numbers and their application· The concept of moving average and its application in seasonal data· Time series and forecasting*Please refer to the Grading Criteria for Professional Assignments in the University Policies for specific guidelines and expectations.7. Week 7
Assignments to complete this week:· Reading:· Chapter 19: Statistical Process Control and Quality Management· Chapter 20: An Introduction to Decision Theory· Post DQ Answers by Thursday at 11:59 p.m.· Post DQ Peer Responses by Sunday at 11:59 p.m.· Exam – Opens Monday – Sunday at 11:59 p.m.Each week, students must post one (1) answer and one (1) peer response for every discussion question. Please see Grading Criteria for Discussion Board Participation in the University Policies for Discussion Question and Response expectations.Discussion Question 1 – CLO 7, CLO 8Discuss the concept of statistical quality control and some of the various techniques that are associated with this concept. Your textbook provides some companies that have utilized this concept; please discuss one caseExam – OnlineThe Exam can be accessed under Week 7 of your course GAP site. The Exam will open on Monday and will close on Sunday at 11:59 p.m. You will have one attempt to complete the exam. Please see Exam Grading Criteria in the University Policies8. Week 8
Assignments to complete this week:· Reading:· Review all chapters covered that will assist in the completion of the CLA 2 assignment· Post DQ Answers by Thursday at 11:59 p.m.· Post DQ Peer Responses by Sunday at 11:59 p.m.· CLA 2 Presentation due in class· CLA 2 due by Sunday at 11:59 p.m.Each week, students must post one (1) answer and one (1) peer response for every discussion question. Please see Grading Criteria for Discussion Board Participation in the University Policies for Discussion Question and Response expectations.Discussion Question 1 – Summary & Critical Thinking – Week/Course Learning OutcomesWelcome to the last week of your course. In this discussion question you have the opportunity to be creative and to relate what you have learned to your professional lives. Please explore and critically think about some of the learning outcomes and concepts presented in this course. Please effectively communicate how you would lead an organization (or a group of people within the organization) by applying the knowledge you have learned ethically and responsibly. Your discussion should also include innovative thinking, and information-technology aspects (such as the Internet, social-media, computers, and so forth) that may assist you in decision-making. You may frame your discussion around any functional component of business, and in any context; problem-solving, management, leadership, organizational behavior, and so forthCLA 2 Comprehensive Learning Assessment 2 – CLO 1, CLO 3, CLO 4, CLO 5, CLO 6, CLO 7, CLO 8Using your textbook (look at some of the business examples that are illustrated), LIRN, JSTOR.org, and the Internet, develop an APA formatted paper that defines and presents an analysis of the following concepts in an effort to solve complex business problems. Subsequently, you must demonstrate how to apply statistical concepts used in the decision-making and problem-solving process. You should include an executive summary on your findings and in-depth analyses. Specifically, your paper will address the following topics:· and probability used in strategic decision making and solving complex business problems· Inferential statistics and hypothesis testing methodologies; distribution, central tendency, regression analysis· Time Series analysis as a statistical technique for understanding values of variables at different times that can have an effect on decision making· Research companies that use these various techniques to assist in developing solutions to complex business problems, and demonstrate how they can establish a competitive advantage*Please refer to the Grading Criteria for Comprehensive Learning Assessments (CLAs) in the University Policies for specific guidelines and expectationsCLA2 Comprehensive Learning Assessment (CLA 2) PresentationIn addition to your CLA2 report, please prepare a professional PowerPoint presentation summarizing your findings for CLA2. The presentation will consist of your major findings, analysis, and recommendations in a concise presentation of 15 slides (minimum). You should use content from your CLA2 report as material for your PowerPoint presentation. In addition, you should include learning outcomes from all your major assignments. This would include PA1, CLA1, PA2, and of course, CLA2 (unless otherwise specified by your Professor). An agenda, executive summary, and references slides should also be included. Please keep in mind that the university is moving towards a more digital footprint for our students. This means that your final CLA2 presentation may be recorded, so that you may include it in your “e-portfolio” (graduating students should have all of their CLA2 presentations on a flash-drive, in addition to student biography, resume, interests, and so forth) Students will present their PowerPoint during the last week of class in either the On-Campus Class Session or the online Virtual Class Session, as determined by the professor. Presentations should not exceed 15 minutes.*Please refer to the Grading Criteria for CLA2 Presentations in the University Policies for specific guidelines and expectations.