Steps for Evaluating an Argument Template

Steps for Evaluating an Argument Template

Steps for Evaluating an Argument Template
Directions: Use this step by step guide to assist in breaking down and evaluating an argument in your PHI 103 Informal Logic course. Column one identifies each step in evaluating an argument, column two defines what is being asked, and column three provides space for you to evaluate the argument.
 

Steps for Evaluating an Argument

Steps
This means
Your Argument (student completes)

1. Identify the issue
Theissueis the topic that is the focus of the argument and it can usually be stated as a question.
Type the issue.

2. Identify the conclusion.
Theconclusionis the statement that responds to the issue question. It is what the person is trying to convince you is true.
Type the conclusion.

3. Identify the premises
Premisesare the statements that support the conclusion. They are the reasons that the person has for his or her conclusion.
*This form allows for three premises, but not all arguments will contain three premises.
Type Premise 1.
 
Type Premise 2 (if applicable).
 
Type Premise 3 (if applicable).

4. Is the argument deductive?
Deductive argumentsclaim that their conclusions necessarily follow from their premises.
 
*If Yes, go to step 5. If no, go to step 9
Choose an item.

5. Is the argument valid or invalid?
A deductive argument isvalidif its conclusion must be true whenever its premises are true. If there is any way for the premises to be true while the conclusion is false, then the argument isinvalid. Note that a valid arguments premises do not in fact have to be true, as long as the conclusion would be trueifthe premisesweretrue.
 
*If Valid, go to step 6. If Invalid, go to step 13.
Choose an item.

6. Does the argument contain any logical fallacies?
Alogical fallacyis a mistake in reasoning that invalidates the claims that someone else is making.
*If Yes, proceed to step 7. If No, proceed to step 8.
Choose an item.

7. What varieties of fallacious reasoning are present in the argument?
Certain varieties offallacious reasoningare so prevalent that they have been given names
Type Fallacy 1.
 
Type Fallacy 2 (if applicable).
 
Type Fallacy 3 (if applicable).

8. Is the argument sound or unsound?
If an argument is valid, it then needs to be evaluated to see if it issound.If an argument is sound, (1) it is valid and (2) its premises are true.
*Proceed to step 13.
Choose an item.

9. Is the argument inductive?
Inductive arguments provide reasons that support the conclusion of the argument. Often causal arguments, generalizations, and arguments by analogy are inductive argument forms.
*If Yes, go to step 10. If no, go to step 13.
 
Choose an item.
 

10. Does the argument contain any logical fallacies?
Alogical fallacyis a mistake in reasoning that invalidates the claims that someone else is making.
*If Yes, proceed to step 10. If No, proceed to step 12.
Choose an item.
 

11. What varieties of fallacious reasoning are present in the argument?
Certain varieties offallacious reasoningare so prevalent that they have been given names
Type Fallacy 1.
 
Type Fallacy 2 (if applicable).
 
Type Fallacy 3 (if applicable

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Published June 18, 2021By Categorized as Assignment Questions

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