Week 4 Discussion: Correctional Sanctions: Philosophies and Applications for Criminology

You have been assigned to a section for this discussion. ( professor never assigned so I guess describe all briefly then pick a section to focus on)
Prior to beginning work on this discussion, explore the philosophies behind four approaches to criminal sanctions—retribution, deterrence, incapacitation, and rehabilitation—as considered in the Wright (2012) text. In addition, please review the assigned website, Bureau of Justice  (Links to an external site.),  https://www.bjs.gov/ and read Contemporary Prison Overcrowding: Short-Term Fixes to a Perpetual Problem (PROVIDED IN ATTACHMENTS)(Pitts et al., 2014). You will also consider an application for life course theory in criminology relevant to criminal sanctions. Please review resources referenced in Week 1, the Messer, Patten, and Candela (2016) article pages seven through nine, and/or content in the Salvatore (2017) article pages one through two, which respectively summarize life source theory in criminology.
Respond to the prompts within your assigned section. In an initial post of at least 250 words in length, address the following:
Retribution (Section 1)

Define retribution. What is the philosophical basis for retribution?
Interpret how at least one constitutional principle relevant to social and criminal justice relates to retribution.
Describe how life source theory in criminology could either challenge or support retribution.

Deterrence (Section 2)

Define general and specific deterrence. What is the philosophical basis for deterrence?
Interpret how at least one constitutional principles relevant to social and criminal justice relates to deterrence.
Describe how life source theory in criminology could either challenge or support retribution deterrence.

Incapacitation (Section 3)

Define incapacitation. What is the philosophical basis for incapacitation?
Interpret how at least one constitutional principle relevant to social and criminal justice relates to rehabilitation.
Describe how life source theory in criminology could either challenge or support incapacitation.

Rehabilitation (Section 4)

Define rehabilitation. What is the philosophical basis for rehabilitation?
Interpret how at least one constitutional principle relevant to social and criminal justice relates to rehabilitation.
Describe how life source theory in criminology could either challenge or support rehabilitation.

All students

Of the four approaches, which do you think is the most effective framework for criminal sanction? Why? Make sure to substantiate your reasons with citations to scholarly or credible sources.